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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*so"je-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to prop, lean, support 2 support, supporting stick 3 door-postface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîäïèðàòü, îïèðàòüñÿ 2 îïîðà, ïîäïîðêà 3 äâåðíîé êîñÿê

face="Times New Roman Star"su"jen, su"g|en (dial.) 2, so"g|ken-, so"vken- (dial.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"su">ja"- 1face="Times New Roman Star"so"je- 1, so"je 2 (Pav. C.), su"jen- (Ettuhf.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"suja- 1face="Times New Roman Star"su"ju"- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"so"jka"n- 1face="Times New Roman Star"so"je- 1, so"je, so"jget 2
face="Times New Roman Star"so"jbe, so"jge 3

face="Times New Roman Star"s@w|ven- 'to stick to, cling to'face="Times New Roman Star"o"jo":- 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"jo"n- 1face="Times New Roman Star"so"gu" 3
face="Times New Roman Star"su"jo"-, so":n- 1face="Times New Roman Star"su"je- 1face="Times New Roman Star"su"je- 1face="Times New Roman Star"hu"ja"- 1face="Times New Roman Star"su"je- 1face="Times New Roman Star"su"va"n, so"va", su"va" 2
face="Times New Roman Star"su"je- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"su"je- 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 435, ÝÑÒß 7, Stachowski 198. Many forms reflect derivatives *so"j-ke-(n)- / *so"j-ge-(n)-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja.r/tuk / *ja.tr/ukface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 pillow 2 to prop on a pillowface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîäóøêà 2 îïèðàòü(ñÿ) íà ïîäóøêóface="Times New Roman Star"jastuq 'pillow-shaped ingot of silver' (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jastuq 1, jasta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jastyk 1, jasta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastuq 1 (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|stiq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastuq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jassyx (dial.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"jassyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?astyx 1, c?asta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?astyq 1, c?asta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq, d/astyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastuq 1face="Times New Roman Star"s/ydúr 1face="Times New Roman Star"syttyk 1, sytta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"hyttyk 1face="Times New Roman Star"syrtyq, systyq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|azdyq, z?|astyq 1, z?|azda-, z?|asta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?astyq 1, z?asta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jat|tyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?|astyq, zastyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq 1face="Times New Roman Star"dastyq 1, z?asta-, dasta- 2face="Times New Roman Star"jastux 1face="Times New Roman Star"jastyq, jastuq 1face="Times New Roman Star"PT *r/ is indicated by the Chuv. form and probably also (with rotacism) Tuva syrtyk. Other forms for the most part reflect an assimilated *jaz-t- > *jast-. See VEWT 191, ÝÑÒß 4, 154-155, EDT 974, Stachowski 121.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:l/u"-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to cover 2 (door) curtain > doorface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîêðûâàòü 2 (äâåðíîé) çàíàâåñ > äâåðü
face="Times New Roman Star"es?u"- 1, es?ik / es?u"k 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"is?i>k 2face="Times New Roman Star"is?ik 2 (AH, IM), is?u"k (IM), es?ik 2 (Abush., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2

face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"i:s?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"i:zi>k, i>zi>k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ez?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"ez?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"e:^.s?u"k 2face="Times New Roman Star"algú, alúk 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ez?ik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"esik 2face="Times New Roman Star"is?i>k 2face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"jes?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"esik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"es?ik 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 256, 260, TMN 2, 183-184, Åãîðîâ 24, ÝÑÒß 1, 396-398, Ëåêñèêà 511-512, 517.
face="Times New Roman Star"*syd-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 skirt, lap 2 to tuck up (sleeves, skirts)face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîëà, ïîäîë 2 ïîäâîðà÷èâàòü (ðóêàâà, ïîëû)
face="Times New Roman Star"syd|yg| 1, sytg|a- 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"sig|, sij, siji (dial.) 1, sy:a-, dial. syg|a- 2face="Times New Roman Star"syjyr- 2 (dial.)




face="Times New Roman Star"syj 1face="Times New Roman Star"syzym 'band on a shaman's beater'


face="Times New Roman Star"s?úras/ 'tassel (on the end of belt); coating (on skirt edges)'








face="Times New Roman Star"suva-, sua- 2



face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 799-800, ÝÑÒß 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jy:l-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to creep 2 snakeface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîëçàòü 2 çìåÿface="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jylan (MK) 2face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"jyl- 1, jylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"jyl- 1 (Vam.), jylan 2 (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"z?|il- 1, ilo|n 2face="Times New Roman Star"ilan 2face="Times New Roman Star"jilan 2face="Times New Roman Star"ilan 2face="Times New Roman Star"jyla:n 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?yl- 1, c?ylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?ylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"d/yl- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s/@w|len 2face="Times New Roman Star"sy:l- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?yl- 1, c?ylan 2, dial. c?ulanface="Times New Roman Star"c?yl- 1, c?ulan 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?|yl- 1, z?|ylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?ylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?ylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?ylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"jilyn 2face="Times New Roman Star"jylan 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 200, EDT 930-1, ÝÑÒß 4, 40-41, 277, Ëåêñèêà 180. Turk. > MMong. (MA) jilan (see Ùåðáàê 1997, 164). Mong. z?|ilu-, z?|ulu- 'roll away, move away' may be related or borrowed < Turk.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"d-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 lust, sexual passion 2 to feel lust 3 passion 4 oestrumface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîëîâîå âëå÷åíèå 2 ÷óâñòâîâàòü âëå÷åíèå 3 ñòðàñòü, òîñêà 4 òå÷êàface="Times New Roman Star"o"dlen- 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"d|ig (MK, KB) 1, o"d|len- 2 (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"o"d|u"g (Qutb) 1, o"jge (Pav. C.) 4



face="Times New Roman Star"o"jer- 'to espouse' (caus.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"zel@s 3


face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|rge 3



face="Times New Roman Star"(z?|u"ro"gu"n) o"ju"- 'to be worried, frustrated'








face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 50, 58, VEWT 518.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"se-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to stir with a poker 2 pokerface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîìåøèâàòü êî÷åðãîé 2 êî÷åðãà


face="Times New Roman Star"kise|w (dial.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se- (AH) 1, ku"segu" (IM) 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se|j 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"so"v 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se- 1, kesevi 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"zes 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"zu":s? 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"sek 'lever, stick'

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ze- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"so"- 1, ko"so": 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se- 1, ko"sew 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se- 1face="Times New Roman Star"ket|e|w, ku"d|e|w, ku"t|e|k 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"sew 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"se- 1, ko"sew 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"sew 2face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 119-121. The regular reflex would be expected as *go"se-; the shape ko"se- is probably due to the influence of *ko":r/ 'glowing coals' (cf. in MK: ko"ze- 'to stir with a poker').
face="Times New Roman Star"*a:n|, *a:n|-la-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to understand 2 intelligence 3 to hear 4 to discern (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîíèìàòü 2 ðàçóì, óì 3 ñëûøàòü 4 ðàçëè÷àòü (äèàë.)face="Times New Roman Star"an|la- (OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"an|la- (MK, KB) 1face="Times New Roman Star"anla- 1face="Times New Roman Star"an|-g|ar- 1face="Times New Roman Star"an| 2, an|la- 1 (Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"an|la- 3face="Times New Roman Star"an|na- 3face="Times New Roman Star"anla- 1face="Times New Roman Star"a:n|la- 1, a:n| 2face="Times New Roman Star"an|dy- 'to look attentively'

face="Times New Roman Star"an|la- 1 ( < Az.)face="Times New Roman Star"úw|n 2face="Times New Roman Star"an|la:- 4


face="Times New Roman Star"an| 2








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 20, TMN 2,130, EDT 165, 186, ÝÑÒß 1, 153-154. WMong. an|-z?|ira- 'to know, understand' < Turkic Siberian languages (an|-syra- with the affix of incomplete verb quality); WMong. an|qar- < Turk. *a:n|-gar-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*uk-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to understand 2 to hearface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîíèìàòü 2 ñëûøàòüface="Times New Roman Star"uq- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"uq- (MK, KB) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"dial. ux- 2face="Times New Roman Star"uq- (IM, Qutb)face="Times New Roman Star"uq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"uq- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"dial. ug|uz 'knowing much'
face="Times New Roman Star"ux- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"uq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"dial. uq- 2



face="Times New Roman Star"ug|- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"uq- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ug|yn- 1




face="Times New Roman Star"uq- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 511-12, EDT 77-8, ÝÑÒß 1, 584-585. Turk. > Hung. ok 'reason', see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?o:c?kaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 young pig 2 child, boy 3 pigface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîðîñåíîê 2 ðåáåíîê, ìàëü÷èê 3 ñâèíüÿ
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oc?uq (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?oz?|uk 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?uc?qa 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?oc?g|a 1 (Sangl.), (OKypch.) c?oc?qa (Houts.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?|uz?|uq 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?os?qa 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?os?Ga 1, 3face="Times New Roman Star"z?|o:z?|uq 1 (cf. colloq. c?o:c?a 'camel')face="Times New Roman Star"sosxa 3face="Times New Roman Star"s?os?qa 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?oc?qo 3



face="Times New Roman Star"s?os?qa 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oc?qo 1face="Times New Roman Star"s?os?qa 1face="Times New Roman Star"s?os?qa 3face="Times New Roman Star"sosqa 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?oc?xa 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?oz?|uq 2face="Times New Roman Star"(K) c?oc?qa 3, c?oc?uq jatag|y 'afterbirth'; (T) c?oc?xa 'young boy (not a Karaim)', (H) cocka 2face="Times New Roman Star"s?os?qa 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?oc?qa 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 113, ÝÑÒß 4, 28, EDT 400. See Stachowski 1985 with an extensive list of material but with a strange conclusion that the word "onomatopoetischer Herkunft ist und somit durch Autogenese zustande kam".
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ar-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 snow dust 2 fogface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîðîøà 2 òóìàí
face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) c?as 2face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) c?ars 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?as 2 (dial.)







face="Times New Roman Star"dial. (Leb.) s?ars?a 1








face="Times New Roman Star"sar 'animal trace on snow'face="Times New Roman Star"c?ars 2



face="Times New Roman Star"c?ars 2face="Times New Roman Star"Ëåêñèêà 29, 35. The derivative *c?ar-s is somewhat peculiar morphologically and could be a loanword - from the (unattested) Mong. *c?ar-su(n) (?). {Oyr. c?arym was removed from this etymology, but probably unjustly: the Komi source c/are?m 'snow crust', as well as c/ars id. are much better explained as borrowed from Turkic than vice versa. The form is traced back to Ur. *s/arV in UEW 464, but the consonantism is quite irregular; other parallels proposed by Helimsky are Saam. c?arava - with irregular vocalism - and Selk. c?/o|:rpy, closely resembling Tofalar c?arpyn|. A complicated case, but explanation of the existing scattered Uralic forms from Turkic is at least not preferable to vice versa.}
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAc?a-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to fast 2 fastface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîñòèòüñÿ 2 ïîñòface="Times New Roman Star"bac?a- 1, bac?aq 2 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"bac?aq 2 (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 293. Turk. bac?a-k 'fast' > WMong. bac?ag.
face="Times New Roman Star"*b(i)ar-kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 house 2 home, householdface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîñòðîéêà, çäàíèå 2 äîì, èìóùåñòâîface="Times New Roman Star"barq 1, 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"barq 1, 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"bark 2
face="Times New Roman Star"barq 2 (Sangl., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"barq 1

face="Times New Roman Star"bary 'fence'


















face="Times New Roman Star"baru 'fence'face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 359-360, VEWT 63, 66, ÝÑÒß II 62. Bark is traditionally linked with ba:r 'there is', bary 'belongings', but cf. the Az. word which can be hardly explained in this way.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:sface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 loss, damage 2 shameface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîòåðÿ, âðåä 2 ñòûäface="Times New Roman Star"jas 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jas 1 (MK)











face="Times New Roman Star"*s/os ( > Mari so"s "Geda"chtnisfeier", Hung. gya/sz, see Gombocz 1912)face="Times New Roman Star"sa:t 2, sa:s-ta:x (folkl.) 'enemy'face="Times New Roman Star"ha:tynnar- 'to shame smb.'











face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 191, ÝÑÒß 4, 150, EDT 973 (in modern languages hard to distinguish from the borrowed Arab. ya's 'despair, grief' - but in Old Turkic no doubt genuine), Stachowski 100.
face="Times New Roman Star"*do"lface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 progeny, breed 2 new-born animalsface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîòîìñòâî 2 ïðèïëîäface="Times New Roman Star"to"l 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"to"l (MK Oghuz.) 'season when animals give birth to their young; the newborn young'face="Times New Roman Star"do"l 1face="Times New Roman Star"tu"l 'bird ovary'face="Times New Roman Star"to"l 2 (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"to.l 2face="Times New Roman Star"to"l 2
face="Times New Roman Star"do"l 2face="Times New Roman Star"do"l 2, 'sperm'face="Times New Roman Star"to"l 1face="Times New Roman Star"to"l 1face="Times New Roman Star"to"l-do"- 'to breed'



face="Times New Roman Star"to"l 1
face="Times New Roman Star"to"l 2face="Times New Roman Star"to"l 2face="Times New Roman Star"to"l 2face="Times New Roman Star"tu"l 'ïëîäîâèòîñòü; æåíñêàÿ ïîëîâàÿ êëåòêà'face="Times New Roman Star"to"lu" 2, 'generation'

face="Times New Roman Star"to"l 2
face="Times New Roman Star"to"l 2face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 3, 274-276; EDT 490. Turk. > Mong. to"l 'new-born young animals'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"pface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to rob, snatch, abduct 2 trophies, treasuresface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîõèùàòü, ãðàáèòü 2 òðîôåè, ñîêðîâèùà
face="Times New Roman Star"u"ple- 1 (MK)








face="Times New Roman Star"o"p 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"p 2

face="Times New Roman Star"u"p 2
face="Times New Roman Star"u"p 2, u"pte- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"u"p 2








face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 11, ÝÑÒß 1, 634-635, VEWT 521-522.
face="Times New Roman Star"*a>ja-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to esteem 2 to pity, look after 3 veryface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïî÷èòàòü 2 áåðå÷ü, æàëåòü 3 î÷åíü, ñèëüíîface="Times New Roman Star"aja- 1, ajy 3 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"aja- (MK) 1, 2, ajy 3 (KB)face="Times New Roman Star"aj- 2, aja- dial. 1face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 1 (Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2face="Times New Roman Star"aji- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ajin 'cult, ceremony'face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2, aj 3face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2 (in ajaba:n 'remorseless')

face="Times New Roman Star"oja- 'to care'

face="Times New Roman Star"aj 'well'
face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"aja- 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 10-11, EDT 267-8, ÝÑÒß 1, 101-102, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 298. Deriving *aja- 'to respect, esteem' from *aj 'fear' (VEWT 11) is hardly plausible. Clauson (EDT 182) thinks that OUygh. ajy 'very' is an unusually early example of the elision of -g in an/yg| 'evil', which means 'very' in many OUygh. texts, but this is hardly plausible phonetically; so it may belong here, together with Khak. aj 'very' (although the final narrow y is a problem). Sevortyan relates here also SUygh. ajyg| 'good omen, good luck', but this may be a reflex of OUygh., Karakh. ajyq 'vow, promise' (EDT 270).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"rface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 bud 2 leaf 3 grainface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïî÷êà 2 ëèñò 3 çåðíîface="Times New Roman Star"bu"r 1 (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rc?u"k 1, bu"rtu"k 3 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"bo"ro" 1





face="Times New Roman Star"pu"r 2


face="Times New Roman Star"p@w|rz?|e 'grain, particle'face="Times New Roman Star"burduk 'flour'face="Times New Roman Star"burduk 'flour'face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ru" 2face="Times New Roman Star"bu"r 2face="Times New Roman Star"bu"r 1
face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rtik 3face="Times New Roman Star"bo"ro" 1face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rtu"k 3
face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rtu"k 3face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rtik 3
face="Times New Roman Star"bu"rtu"k 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 92, EDT 354, Ëåêñèêà 114-115, Stachowski 67. Turk. > WMong. bu"r, Kalm. bu"r (KW 67).
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ymurface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 buds 2 lily 3 sphere, globe, fistface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïî÷êè 2 ëèëèÿ 3 øàð, îêðóãëîñòü, êóëàê











face="Times New Roman Star"c?omur 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?úw|múw|r 3


face="Times New Roman Star"s?omur 1 (Ðàñ. ÔèË 89, 231)









face="Times New Roman Star"The Chuvash form points to *-y-. The root is very localized, but seems to be distinct from *c?ym- / *c?um- 'top; stick with a knob' (although a contamination was of course possible).
face="Times New Roman Star"*kel/c?face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 belt 2 back, spineface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîÿñ, ðåìåíü 2 ñïèíà, õðåáåòface="Times New Roman Star"kes? (OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"kes? ? kis? (MK) 1











face="Times New Roman Star"kaz/an 2



face="Times New Roman Star"kes?ene 'girdle'








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 258, EDT 752, MNT 1697, ÝÑÒß 5, 60-61. Sak. ka"s?a- 'belt' may be < Turkic (Bailey 56 expresses doubts as to the phonetic regularity of its derivation from Proto-Iran. *kas?a 'armpit'). The vowel may have been long - to judge from Turkm. ki:s?en 'chain' (which reflects a hybrid form between *kil/e-n 'fetters', q. v. sub *k`i\l/a, and *kel/c? 'belt').
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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